Purpose/Objectives: To investigate sensory perceptions of patients who underwent insertion of a totally implantable venous access device (TIVAD) under local anesthesia.
Research Approach: Qualitative, exploratory study.
Setting: Tertiary care center in Belgium.
Participants: 20 adult patients with cancer or hematologic disease undergoing a first-time TIVAD insertion.
Methodologic Approach: Immediately after insertion, patients were asked to describe their sensory perceptions during each of four phases. Descriptions were documented in a sensory information grid (SIG) that was composed of a row and column matrix of entries for the four phases of the procedure and the five sensory modalities. Verbatim descriptions of patients were assigned labels using a descriptive coding process.
Main Research Variables: Sensory perceptions in the modalities of hearing, sight, touch, smell, and taste.
Findings: Patients experienced many sensory perceptions that mainly occurred during preparation of the patients and surgical equipment (phase 2) and during the actual TIVAD insertion (phase 3). Patients perceived fewer olfactory sensations. No taste perceptions were mentioned.
Conclusions: Patients reported numerous sensory perceptions during TIVAD insertion. The SIG method proved suitable for assessing and documenting patients' sensory perceptions.
Interpretation: The reported descriptions can be used (a) to develop a structured questionnaire to quantitatively assess sensory perceptions and (b) to prepare patients for what to expect with regard to sensory information experienced before, during, and after TIVAD insertion. This method for exploring and documenting sensory perceptions might be applicable to other diagnostic or therapeutic interventions.
References
Borst, C. G., de Kruif, A. T., van Dam, F. S., & de Graaf, P. W. (1992). Totally implantable venous access ports—The patients' point of view. A quality control study. Cancer Nursing, 15, 378-381.
Caers, J., Fontaine, C., Vinh-Hung, V., De Mey, J., Ponnet, G., & Oost, C., … Lacor, P. (2005). Catheter tip position as a risk factor for thrombosis associated with the use of subcutaneous infusion ports. Supportive Care in Cancer, 13, 325-331. doi: 10.1007/s00520-004-0723-1
Chen, P. T., Sung, C. S., Wang, C. C., Chan, K. H., Chang, W. K., & Hsu, W. H. (2007). Experience of anesthesiologists with percutaneous nonangiographic venous access. Journal of Clinical Anesthesia, 19, 609-615. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2007.06.016
Dede, D., Akmangit, I., Yildirim, Z. N., Sanverdi, E., & Sayin, B. (2008). Ultrasonography and fluoroscopy-guided insertion of chest ports. European Journal of Surgical Oncology, 34, 1340-1343. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2007.12.001
Dicicco-Bloom, B., & Crabtree, B. F. (2006). The qualitative research interview. Medical Education, 40, 314-321. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2929.2006.02418.x
Gammon, J., & Mulholland, C. W. (1996). Effect of preparatory information prior to elective total hip replacement on post-operative physical coping outcomes. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 33, 589-604.
Gibbs, G. R. (2002). Data preparation. In G. R. Gibbs (Ed.), Qualitative data analysis: Explorations with NVivo (pp. 48-56). Buckingham, England: Open University Press.
Goossens, G. A., Vrebos, M., Stas, M., De Wever, I., & Frederickx, L. (2005). Central vascular access devices in oncology and hematology considered from a different point of view: How do patients experience their vascular access ports? Journal of Infusion Nursing, 28, 61-67. doi: 10.1097/00129804-200501000-00008
Koch, T. (1994). Establishing rigour in qualitative research: The decision trail. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 19, 976-986.
Kreis, H., Loehberg, C. R., Lux, M. P., Ackermann, S., Lang, W., Beckmann, M. W., & Fasching, P. A. (2007). Patients' attitudes to totally implantable venous access port systems for gynecological or breast malignancies. European Journal of Surgical Oncology, 33, 39-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2006.08.003
Maurer, M. H., Beck, A., Hamm, B., & Gebauer, B. (2009). Central venous port catheters: Evaluation of patients' satisfaction with implantation under local anesthesia. Journal of Vascular Access, 10, 27-32.
McDaniel, R. W., & Rhodes, V. A. (1998). Development of a preparatory sensory information videotape for women receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer. Cancer Nursing, 21, 143-148.
Nerenz, D. R., & Leventhal, H. (1983). Self-regulation theory in chronic illness. In T. G. Burish & L. A. Bradley (Eds.), Coping with chronic disease—Research and applications (pp. 13-37). New York, NY: Academic Press.
Rhodes, V. A., McDaniel, R. W., Hanson, B., Markway, E., & Johnson, M. (1994). Sensory perception of patients on selected antineoplastic chemotherapy protocols. Cancer Nursing, 17, 45-51.
Rodgers, H. C., Liddle, K., Nixon, S. J., Innes, J. A., & Greening, A. P. (1998). Totally implantable venous access devices in cystic fibrosis: Complications and patients' opinions. European Respiratory Journal, 12, 217-220.
Schutz, J. C., Patel, A. A., Clark, T. W., Solomon, J. A., Freiman, D. B., Tuite, C. M., … Trerotola, S. O. (2004). Relationship between chest port catheter tip position and port malfunction after interventional radiologic placement. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, 15, 581-587.
Shi, S. F., Munjas, B. A., Wan, T. T., Cowling, W. R., III, Grap, M. J., & Wang, B. B. (2003). The effects of preparatory sensory information on ICU patients. Journal of Medical Systems, 27, 191-204. doi: 10.1023/A:1021869112673
Wolosker, N., Yazbek, G., Nishinari, K., Malavolta, L. C., Munia, M. A., Langer, M., & Zerateli, A. E. (2004). Totally implantable venous catheters for chemotherapy: Experience in 500 patients. Sao Paulo Medical Journal, 122, 147-151. doi: 10.1590/S1516-31802004000400003
